1.Identification
1.1 GHS Product identifier
| Product name | 1,1,1-trichloroethane |
|---|
1.2 Other means of identification
| Product number | - |
|---|---|
| Other names | R-140a |
1.3 Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use
| Identified uses | For industry use only. Volatile organic compounds |
|---|---|
| Uses advised against | no data available |
1.4 Supplier's details
| Company | MOLBASE (Shanghai) Biotechnology Co., Ltd. |
|---|---|
| Address | Floor 4 & 5, Building 12, No. 1001 North Qinzhou Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China |
| Telephone | +86(21)64956998 |
| Fax | +86(21)54365166 |
1.5 Emergency phone number
| Emergency phone number | +86-400-6021-666 |
|---|---|
| Service hours | Monday to Friday, 9am-5pm (Standard time zone: UTC/GMT +8 hours). |
2.Hazard identification
2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture
Acute toxicity - Inhalation, Category 4
Hazardous to the ozone layer, Category 1
2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements
| Pictogram(s) |  |
|---|---|
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statement(s) | H332 Harmful if inhaled H420 Harms public health and the environment by destroying ozone in the upper atmosphere |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| Prevention | P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. |
| Response | P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P312 Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…if you feel unwell. |
| Storage | none |
| Disposal | P502 Refer to manufacturer or supplier for information on recovery or recycling |
2.3 Other hazards which do not result in classification
none
3.Composition/information on ingredients
3.1 Substances
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number | Concentration |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1,1,1-trichloroethane | 1,1,1-trichloroethane | 71-55-6 | none | 100% |
4.First-aid measures
4.1 Description of necessary first-aid measures
General advice
Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
If inhaled
Fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.
In case of skin contact
Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.
In case of eye contact
First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.
If swallowed
Do NOT induce vomiting. Rinse mouth. Give a slurry of activated charcoal in water to drink. Refer for medical attention .
4.2 Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed
INHALATION: symptoms range from loss of equilibrium and incoordination to loss of consciousness; high concentration can be fatal due to simple asphyxiation combined with loss of consciousness. INGESTION: produces effects similar to inhalation and may cause some feeling of nausea. EYES: slightly irritating and lachrymatory. SKIN: defatting action may cause dermatitis. (USCG, 1999)
4.3 Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary
Emergency and supportive measures: 1. Maintain an open airway and assist ventilation if necessary. Administer supplemental oxygen and treat hydrocarbon aspiration pneumonitis if it occurs. 2. Treat seizures, coma, and arrhythmias if they occur. Caution: Avoid the use of epinephrine or other sympathomimetic amines because of the risk of inducing or aggravating cardiac arrhythmias. Tachyarrhythmias caused by myocardial sensitization may be treated with propranolol ... or esmolol ... . 3. Monitor for a minimum of 4-6 hours after significant exposure. /Trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, and tetrachloroethylene/
5.Fire-fighting measures
5.1 Extinguishing media
Suitable extinguishing media
DRY CHEMICAL, FOAM, OR CARBON DIOXIDE
5.2 Specific hazards arising from the chemical
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic and irritating gases are generated in fires. (USCG, 1999)
5.3 Special protective actions for fire-fighters
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
6.Accidental release measures
6.1 Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. For personal protection see section 8.
6.2 Environmental precautions
Personal protection: self-contained breathing apparatus. Ventilation. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.
6.3 Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
Environmental considerations: land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commmercial sorbents.
7.Handling and storage
7.1 Precautions for safe handling
Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed. For precautions see section 2.2.
7.2 Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Separated from food and feedstuffs, strong oxidants, aluminium, magnesium and zinc. Cool. Dry. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.Storage temp: Ambient; Venting: Pressure-vacuum.
8.Exposure controls/personal protection
8.1 Control parameters
Occupational Exposure limit values
Recommended Exposure Limit: 15-Min Ceiling Value: 350 ppm (1900 mg/cu m).
NIOSH considers 1,1,1-trichloroethane to be a potential occupational carcinogen.
NIOSH usually recommends that occupational exposures to carcinogens be limited to the lowest feasible concentration.
Biological limit values
no data available
8.2 Appropriate engineering controls
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
8.3 Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment (PPE)
Eye/face protection
Safety glasses with side-shields conforming to EN166. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
Skin protection
Wear impervious clothing. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace. Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique(without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands. The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of EU Directive 89/686/EEC and the standard EN 374 derived from it.
Respiratory protection
Wear dust mask when handling large quantities.
Thermal hazards
no data available
9.Physical and chemical properties
| Physical state | colourless liquid with a mild ether-like odour |
|---|---|
| Colour | Colorless liquid |
| Odour | ... Mild chloroform-like odor |
| Melting point/ freezing point | -33ºC |
| Boiling point or initial boiling point and boiling range | 74-76ºC |
| Flammability | Combustible Liquid, but burns with difficulty.Combustible under specific conditions. Heating will cause rise in pressure with risk of bursting. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. See Notes. |
| Lower and upper explosion limit / flammability limit | Lower flammable limit: 7.5% by volume; Upper flammable limit: 12.5% by volume |
| Flash point | 11ºC |
| Auto-ignition temperature | 500°C (USCG, 1999) |
| Decomposition temperature | no data available |
| pH | no data available |
| Kinematic viscosity | 0.00086 Pa.s at 20°C |
| Solubility | In water:1.4 g/L (20 ºc) |
| Partition coefficient n-octanol/water (log value) | log Kow = 2.49 |
| Vapour pressure | 100 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| Density and/or relative density | 1.3376 |
| Relative vapour density | 4.6 (vs air) |
| Particle characteristics | no data available |
10.Stability and reactivity
10.1 Reactivity
no data available
10.2 Chemical stability
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
10.3 Possibility of hazardous reactions
It burns only in excess of oxygen or in air if a strong source of ignition is present.The vapour is heavier than air.1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE decomposes in the presence of chemically active metals. This includes aluminum, magnesium and their alloys. It will react violently with dinitrogen tetraoxide, oxygen, liquid oxygen, sodium and sodium-potassium alloys. It will also react violently with acetone, zinc and nitrates. It can react with sodium hydroxide. It is incompatible with strong oxidizers and strong bases. Mixtures with potassium or its alloys are shock-sensitive and may explode on light impact. This chemical can react with an aqueous suspension of calcium hydroxide, and with chlorine in sunlight. It will attack some forms of plastics, rubber and coatings. Upon contact with hot metal or on exposure to ultraviolet radiation, it will decompose to form irritant gases. A cobalt/molybdenum-alumina catalyst will generate a substantial exotherm on contact with its vapor at ambient temperatures. Hazardous reactions also occur with (aluminum oxide + heavy metals). .
10.4 Conditions to avoid
no data available
10.5 Incompatible materials
Reacts slowly with water, releasing corrosive hydrochloric acid.
10.6 Hazardous decomposition products
When heated to decomposition, it emits irritating gases and toxic fumes of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride gas, chlorine, and phosgene.
11.Toxicological information
Acute toxicity
- Oral: LD50 Rat oral 10.3-12.3 g/kg
- Inhalation: LC50 Rat inhalation 24,000 ppm/1 hr
- Dermal: no data available
Skin corrosion/irritation
no data available
Serious eye damage/irritation
no data available
Respiratory or skin sensitization
no data available
Germ cell mutagenicity
no data available
Carcinogenicity
Cancer Classification: Group D Not Classifiable as to Human Carcinogenicity
Reproductive toxicity
Epidemiologic studies have found no relationship between adverse pregnancy outcomes and exposure of mothers or fathers to methyl chloroform. Animal studies have not reported developmental or reproductive effects from exposure to methyl chloroform.
STOT-single exposure
no data available
STOT-repeated exposure
no data available
Aspiration hazard
no data available
12.Ecological information
12.1 Toxicity
- Toxicity to fish: EC50; Species: Pimephales promelas (Fathead minnow) weight 1.04 g, length 49.0 mm; Conditions: freshwater, static, 12°C, pH 7.8-8.0, dissolved oxygen > or =5.0 mg/L; Concentration: 12100 ug/L for 24 hr (10900-13500 ug/L); Effect: intoxication, immobilization
- Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: EC50; Species: Daphnia magna (Water flea) age <24 hr; Conditions: freshwater, static; Concentration: 11.2 ppm for 48 hr (9.7-12.8 ppm); Effect: intoxication, immobilization /96.4% purity
- Toxicity to algae: no data available
- Toxicity to microorganisms: no data available
12.2 Persistence and degradability
AEROBIC: No degradation was observed in subsurface soils in 27 weeks of incubation; however, in loamy sand, slow degradation was observed under acclimated conditions(1,2). Slow degradation may occur in water under anaerobic or aerated conditions; degradation may take several weeks and acclimation is important(3,4). In seawater, a half-life of 9 months has been determined and vinylidene chloride is the degradation product(5). No degradation in river water was found(6). No utilization of 1,1,1-trichloroethane occurred in a continuously-fed aerobic biofilm reactor that utilized acetate as its primary substrate; however, 98% removal was obtained in a similar anaerobic reactor with a 2-day retention time after 8 wk acclimation(8). 1,1,1-Trichloroethane degraded to vinylidene chloride as a first step in its biotransformation in microcosms containing aquifer water and sediment collected from uncontaminated sites in the Everglades(7); considerable degradation occurred within two weeks(7). Field evidence of biodegradation in aquifers was obtained by following the concentration of 1,1,1-trichloroethane in a confined aquifer after it was injected with reclaimed groundwater(8); the half-life of 1,1,1-trichloroethane was 231 days with biodegradation given as the probable cause of loss(8). The biodegradation half-life of 1,1,1-trichloroethane in non-adapted aerobic soils from Louisiana and Oklahoma were reported as >97 days and >485 days, respectively(9). 1,1,1-Trichloroethane at 100 mg/L achieved 0% of its theoretical BOD using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L over a 2 week incubation period in the Japanese MITI test(10).
12.3 Bioaccumulative potential
A BCF range of 0.7 to 4.9 was measured using carp (Cyprinus carpio) which were exposed over an 6-week period(1). A BCF of 8.9 was determined in bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) in a 28 day test(2). A BCF of 2.95 was measured in killfish (Oryzias latipes) over an 8-day exposure period(3). According to a classification scheme(4), these BCF values suggest that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).
12.4 Mobility in soil
The adsorption of 1,1,1-trichloroethane was studied using three US soils(1); equilibrium adsorption coefficients (Kd) of 1.8, 1.592, and 1.338 were measured using a soil from Missouri (11.4% sand, 52.7% silt, 33.4% clay, 2.4% organic matter), California (45.1% sand, 35.2% silt, 21.7% clay, 1.7% organic matter) and Florida (9.17% sand, 6.3% silt, 2% clay, 1.6% organic matter), respectively(1); these adsorption coefficients correspond to Koc values of 120 (Missouri soil), 151 (California soil) and 135 (Florida soil). A Koc value of 66 was reported for 1,1,1-trichloroethane in an unspecified soil(2). According to a classification scheme(3), these Koc values suggests that 1,1,1-trichloroethane is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC).
12.5 Other adverse effects
no data available
13.Disposal considerations
13.1 Disposal methods
Product
The material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.
Contaminated packaging
Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.
14.Transport information
14.1 UN Number
| ADR/RID: UN2831 | IMDG: UN2831 | IATA: UN2831 |
14.2 UN Proper Shipping Name
| ADR/RID: 1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE |
| IMDG: 1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE |
| IATA: 1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE |
14.3 Transport hazard class(es)
| ADR/RID: 6.1 | IMDG: 6.1 | IATA: 6.1 |
14.4 Packing group, if applicable
| ADR/RID: III | IMDG: III | IATA: III |
14.5 Environmental hazards
| ADR/RID: no | IMDG: no | IATA: no |
14.6 Special precautions for user
no data available
14.7 Transport in bulk according to Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC Code
no data available
15.Regulatory information
15.1 Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1,1,1-trichloroethane | 1,1,1-trichloroethane | 71-55-6 | none |
| European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS) | Listed. | ||
| EC Inventory | Listed. | ||
| United States Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory | Listed. | ||
| China Catalog of Hazardous chemicals 2015 | Listed. | ||
| New Zealand Inventory of Chemicals (NZIoC) | Listed. | ||
| Philippines Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances (PICCS) | Listed. | ||
| Vietnam National Chemical Inventory | Not Listed. | ||
| Chinese Chemical Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (China IECSC) | Listed. | ||
16.Other information
Information on revision
| Creation Date | Aug 18, 2017 |
|---|---|
| Revision Date | Aug 18, 2017 |
Abbreviations and acronyms
- CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
- ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
- RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
- IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
- IATA: International Air Transportation Association
- TWA: Time Weighted Average
- STEL: Short term exposure limit
- LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
- LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
- EC50: Effective Concentration 50%
References
- IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
- HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
- IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
- eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
- CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
- ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
- ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
- Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
- ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/
