citric acid|77-92-9 - MOLBASE Encyclopedia

Citric acid is a weak organic tricarboxylic acid having the chemical formula C6H8O7. It occurs naturally in citrus fruits. In biochemistry, it is an intermediate in the citric acid cycle, which occurs in the metabolism of all aerobic organisms.
More than a million tons of citric acid are manufactured every year. It is used widely as an acidifier, as a flavoring and chelating agent.
A citrate is a derivative of citric acid; that is, the salts, esters, and the polyatomic anion found in solution. An example of the former, a salt is trisodium citrate; an ester is triethyl citrate. When part of a salt, the formula of the citrate ion is written as C6H5O73− or C3H5O(COO)33−.

3'-hydroxybiphenyl-3-carboxylic acid

1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-

3-hydroxy-3-carboxy-pentanedioic acid

Citric acid

3'-hydroxy-3-biphenylcarboxylic acid

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Section 1. IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE/MIXTURE
  Product identifiers
    Product name        : Citric acid
    CAS-No.        : 77-92-9
  Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against
    Identified uses        : Laboratory chemicals, Manufacture of substances

Section 2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
  Classification of the substance or mixture
  Classification according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 [EU-GHS/CLP]
    Eye irritation (Category 2)
  Classification according to EU Directives 67/548/EEC or 1999/45/EC
    Irritating to eyes.
  Label elements
  Labelling according Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 [CLP]
    Pictogram
    Signal word        Warning
    Hazard statement(s)
    H319        Causes serious eye irritation.
    Precautionary statement(s)
    P305 + P351 + P338        IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove
    contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
    Supplemental Hazard        none
    Statements
  According to European Directive 67/548/EEC as amended.
    Hazard symbol(s)
    R-phrase(s)
    R36        Irritating to eyes.
    S-phrase(s)
    S26        In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and
    seek medical advice.
  Other hazards - none

Section 3. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
  Substances
    Formula        : C6H8O7
    Molecular Weight        : 192,12 g/mol
    Component        Concentration
  Citric acid
    CAS-No.        77-92-9        -
    EC-No.        201-069-1

Section 4. FIRST AID MEASURES
  Description of first aid measures
  General advice
    Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
  If inhaled
    If breathed in, move person into fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. Consult a physician.
  In case of skin contact
    Wash off with soap and plenty of water. Consult a physician.
  In case of eye contact
    Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
  If swallowed
    Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Rinse mouth with water. Consult a physician.
  Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed
    Vomiting, Diarrhoea, Damage to tooth enamel., Dermatitis, To the best of our knowledge, the chemical,
    physical, and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated.
  Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed
    no data available

Section 5. FIREFIGHTING MEASURES
  Extinguishing media
  Suitable extinguishing media
    Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
  Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
    Carbon oxides
  Advice for firefighters
    Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.
  Further information
    no data available

Section 6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
  Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
    Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure
    adequate ventilation. Avoid breathing dust.
  Environmental precautions
    Do not let product enter drains.
  Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
    Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust. Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed
    containers for disposal.
  Reference to other sections
    For disposal see section 13.

Section 7. HANDLING AND STORAGE
  Precautions for safe handling
    Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols.
    Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed.
  Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
    Store in cool place. Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
  Specific end uses
    no data available

Section 8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION
  Control parameters
  Components with workplace control parameters
  Exposure controls
  Appropriate engineering controls
    Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and
    at the end of workday.
  Personal protective equipment
  Eye/face protection
    Safety glasses with side-shields conforming to EN166 Use equipment for eye protection tested
    and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
  Skin protection
    Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique
    (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of
    contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
    Wash and dry hands.
    The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of EU Directive 89/686/EEC and
    the standard EN 374 derived from it.
    Immersion protection
    Material: Nitrile rubber
    Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
    Break through time: > 480 min
    Material tested:Dermatril® ( Z677272, Size M)
    Splash protection
    Material: Nitrile rubber
    Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
    Break through time: > 30 min
    Material tested:Dermatril® ( Z677272, Size M)
    data source: KCL GmbH, D-36124 Eichenzell, phone +49 (0)6659 873000,     test method: EN374
    If used in solution, or mixed with other substances, and under conditions which differ from EN 374,
    contact the supplier of the CE approved gloves. This recommendation is advisory only and must
    be evaluated by an Industrial Hygienist familiar with the specific situation of anticipated use by our
    customers. It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.
  Body Protection
    impervious clothing, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the
    concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
  Respiratory protection
    For nuisance exposures use type P95 (US) or type P1 (EU EN 143) particle respirator.For higher
    level protection use type OV/AG/P99 (US) or type ABEK-P2 (EU EN 143) respirator cartridges.
    Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards
    such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).

Section 9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
  Information on basic physical and chemical properties
    a) Appearance        Form: crystalline
    Colour: white
    b) Odour        no data available
    c) Odour Threshold        no data available
    d) pH        1,8 at ca.50 g/l at 25 °C
    e) Melting point/freezing        Melting point/range: 153 - 159 °C - lit.
    point
    f) Initial boiling point and no data available
    boiling range
    g) Flash point        no data available
    h) Evaporation rate        no data available
    i) Flammability (solid, gas) no data available
    j) Upper/lower        Lower explosion limit: 8 %(V)
    flammability or
    explosive limits
    k) Vapour pressure        no data available
    l) Vapour density        no data available
    m) Relative density        no data available
    n) Water solubility        383 g/l at 25 °C
    o) Partition coefficient: n- log Pow: -1,64 at 20 °C
    octanol/water
    p) Autoignition        no data available
    temperature
    q) Decomposition        no data available
    temperature
    r) Viscosity        no data available
    s) Explosive properties        no data available
    t) Oxidizing properties        no data available
  Other safety information
    no data available

Section 10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
  Reactivity
    no data available
  Chemical stability
    no data available
  Possibility of hazardous reactions
    no data available
  Conditions to avoid
    no data available
  Incompatible materials
    Oxidizing agents, Bases, Reducing agents, Nitrates
  Hazardous decomposition products
    Other decomposition products - no data available

Section 11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
  Information on toxicological effects
  Acute toxicity
    LD50 Oral - rat - 5.400 mg/kg
    LD50 Dermal - rat - > 2.000 mg/kg
  Skin corrosion/irritation
    Skin - rabbit - Mild skin irritation - OECD Test Guideline 404
  Serious eye damage/eye irritation
    Eyes - rabbit - Irritating to eyes. - OECD Test Guideline 405
  Respiratory or skin sensitization
    Prolonged or repeated exposure may cause allergic reactions in certain sensitive individuals.
  Germ cell mutagenicity
    no data available
  Carcinogenicity
    IARC:        No component of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% is identified as
    probable, possible or confirmed human carcinogen by IARC.
  Reproductive toxicity
    no data available
  Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure
    no data available
  Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure
    no data available
  Aspiration hazard
    no data available
  Potential health effects
  Inhalation        May be harmful if inhaled. May cause respiratory tract irritation.
  Ingestion        May be harmful if swallowed.
  Skin        May be harmful if absorbed through skin. May cause skin irritation.
  Eyes        Causes serious eye irritation.
  Signs and Symptoms of Exposure
    Vomiting, Diarrhoea, Damage to tooth enamel., Dermatitis, To the best of our knowledge, the chemical,
    physical, and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated.
  Additional Information
    RTECS: GE7350000

Section 12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
  Toxicity
    Toxicity to fish        mortality LC50 - Leuciscus idus melanotus - 440 mg/l - 48 h
    Method: OECD Test Guideline 203
    Toxicity to daphnia and static test - Daphnia magna (Water flea) - 1.535 mg/l - 24 h
    other aquatic
    invertebrates
  Persistence and degradability
    no data available
  Bioaccumulative potential
    no data available
  Mobility in soil
    no data available
  Results of PBT and vPvB assessment
    no data available
  Other adverse effects
    no data available

Section 13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
  Waste treatment methods
  Product
    Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Dissolve or mix the material
    with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber.
  Contaminated packaging
    Dispose of as unused product.

Section 14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION
  UN number
    ADR/RID: -        IMDG: -        IATA: -
  UN proper shipping name
    ADR/RID: Not dangerous goods
    IMDG: Not dangerous goods
    IATA:        Not dangerous goods
  Transport hazard class(es)
    ADR/RID: -        IMDG: -        IATA: -
  Packaging group
    ADR/RID: -        IMDG: -        IATA: -
  Environmental hazards
    ADR/RID: no        IMDG Marine pollutant: no        IATA: no
  Special precautions for user
    no data available

SECTION 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION
N/A

SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A