1.Identification
1.1 GHS Product identifier
| Product name | 2,4-D |
|---|
1.2 Other means of identification
| Product number | - |
|---|---|
| Other names | 2,4-dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid |
1.3 Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use
| Identified uses | For industry use only. Pesticides (chemicals used for killing pests, such as rodents, insects, or plants) |
|---|---|
| Uses advised against | no data available |
1.4 Supplier's details
| Company | MOLBASE (Shanghai) Biotechnology Co., Ltd. |
|---|---|
| Address | Floor 4 & 5, Building 12, No. 1001 North Qinzhou Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China |
| Telephone | +86(21)64956998 |
| Fax | +86(21)54365166 |
1.5 Emergency phone number
| Emergency phone number | +86-400-6021-666 |
|---|---|
| Service hours | Monday to Friday, 9am-5pm (Standard time zone: UTC/GMT +8 hours). |
2.Hazard identification
2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture
Acute toxicity - Oral, Category 4
Serious eye damage, Category 1
Skin sensitization, Category 1
Specific target organ toxicity – single exposure, Category 3
Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term (Chronic) - Category Chronic 3
2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements
| Pictogram(s) |   |
|---|---|
| Signal word | Danger |
| Hazard statement(s) | H302 Harmful if swallowed H318 Causes serious eye damage H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction H335 May cause respiratory irritation H412 Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| Prevention | P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P272 Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P273 Avoid release to the environment. |
| Response | P301+P312 IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…if you feel unwell. P330 Rinse mouth. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P310 Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/… P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water/... P333+P313 If skin irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention. P321 Specific treatment (see ... on this label). P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P312 Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…if you feel unwell. |
| Storage | P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. P405 Store locked up. |
| Disposal | P501 Dispose of contents/container to ... |
2.3 Other hazards which do not result in classification
none
3.Composition/information on ingredients
3.1 Substances
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number | Concentration |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,4-D | 2,4-D | 94-75-7 | none | 100% |
4.First-aid measures
4.1 Description of necessary first-aid measures
General advice
Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
If inhaled
Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.
In case of skin contact
Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.
In case of eye contact
First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.
If swallowed
Rinse mouth. Give a slurry of activated charcoal in water to drink. Refer for medical attention .
4.2 Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed
SYMPTOMS: Symptoms of exposure to this material include weakness, muscle twitching, stupor, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea and anorexia. Central nervous system effects and myotonia can also occur. It is irritating to skin, eyes, mucous membranes and the upper respiratory tract. ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: This compound is irritating to skin, eyes, mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract. It emits toxic fumes when heated to decomposition.
Dust may irritate eyes. Ingestion causes gastroentric distress, diarrhea, mild central nervous system depression, dysphagia, and possible transient liver and kidney injury. (USCG, 1999)
INHALATION: Inflamed mucous membranes. EYES: Contact may cause irritation and swelling. SKIN: Irritation, rashes and swelling. INGESTION: Weakness and lethargy, anorexia, diarrhea, spasticity and possible death from ventricular fibrillation and subsequent cardiac arrest. (USCG, 1999)
4.3 Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary
Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Chlorophenoxy herbicides and related compounds/
5.Fire-fighting measures
5.1 Extinguishing media
Suitable extinguishing media
Extinguishant: Carbon dioxide, dry chemical, foam, and water.
5.2 Specific hazards arising from the chemical
Flash point data for this compound are not available. It is probably combustible.
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic and irritating hydrogen chloride or phosgene gases may form. (USCG, 1999)
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Emits noxious fumes. Behavior in Fire: Emits noxious fumes, including chlorides. (USCG, 1999)
5.3 Special protective actions for fire-fighters
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
6.Accidental release measures
6.1 Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. For personal protection see section 8.
6.2 Environmental precautions
Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered plastic containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.
6.3 Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
Accidental Release Measures. Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust. Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.
7.Handling and storage
7.1 Precautions for safe handling
Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed. For precautions see section 2.2.
7.2 Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Store in an area without drain or sewer access. Separated from strong oxidants and food and feedstuffs.Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities: Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Keep in a dry place. Light sensitive. Moisture sensitive.
8.Exposure controls/personal protection
8.1 Control parameters
Occupational Exposure limit values
Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hour Time-Weighted Average: 10 mg/cu m.
Biological limit values
no data available
8.2 Appropriate engineering controls
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
8.3 Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment (PPE)
Eye/face protection
Safety glasses with side-shields conforming to EN166. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
Skin protection
Wear impervious clothing. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace. Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique(without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands. The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of EU Directive 89/686/EEC and the standard EN 374 derived from it.
Respiratory protection
Wear dust mask when handling large quantities.
Thermal hazards
no data available
9.Physical and chemical properties
| Physical state | off-white to tan |
|---|---|
| Colour | White to yellow crystalline powder /SRP: yellow color is phenolic impurities/ |
| Odour | Oodorless |
| Melting point/ freezing point | 137-141ºC |
| Boiling point or initial boiling point and boiling range | 160ºC (0.4 torr) |
| Flammability | Noncombustible Solid, but may be dissolved in flammable liquids.Not combustible. Liquid formulations containing organic solvents may be flammable. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. |
| Lower and upper explosion limit / flammability limit | no data available |
| Flash point | 160ºC (0.4 torr) |
| Auto-ignition temperature | no data available |
| Decomposition temperature | no data available |
| pH | 2,4-D is a strong acid |
| Kinematic viscosity | no data available |
| Solubility | In water:Slightly soluble. Decomposes. 0.0890 g/100 mL |
| Partition coefficient n-octanol/water (log value) | log Kow= 2.81 |
| Vapour pressure | 0.4 mm Hg ( 160 °C) |
| Density and/or relative density | 1.563 |
| Relative vapour density | 7.63 (Relative to Air) |
| Particle characteristics | no data available |
10.Stability and reactivity
10.1 Reactivity
no data available
10.2 Chemical stability
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
10.3 Possibility of hazardous reactions
Not combustibleThis material is incompatible with strong oxidizers.
10.4 Conditions to avoid
no data available
10.5 Incompatible materials
Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fires or explosions.
10.6 Hazardous decomposition products
When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /chlorides/.
11.Toxicological information
Acute toxicity
- Oral: LD50 Rat Fischer-344 male oral 443 mg/kg (95% confidence limits 270-1103 mg/kg) (2,4-D acid in corn oil).
- Inhalation: no data available
- Dermal: no data available
Skin corrosion/irritation
no data available
Serious eye damage/irritation
no data available
Respiratory or skin sensitization
no data available
Germ cell mutagenicity
no data available
Carcinogenicity
EPA: Not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity. IARC: Possibly carcinogenic to humans. NTP: Not evaluated
Reproductive toxicity
no data available
STOT-single exposure
no data available
STOT-repeated exposure
no data available
Aspiration hazard
no data available
12.Ecological information
12.1 Toxicity
- Toxicity to fish: LC50; Species: Salvelinus namaycush (lake trout) weight 0.3 g; Conditions: static bioassay at 10°C, without aeration, pH 7.2-7.5, water hardness 40-50 mg/L as calcium carbonate and alkalinity of 30-35 mg/L; Concentration: 45 mg/L for 96 hr (95% confidence limit 35-56 mg/L) /2,4-D acid, granular 100%
- Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: LC50; Species: Daphnia magna (water flea); Concentration: 363-389 mg/L for 48 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified, SRP: Unspecified salt or ester of 2,4-D
- Toxicity to algae: LC50; Species: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (Green Algae); Conditions: freshwater, static; Concentration: 20700 ug/L for 5 days /96.1% purity
- Toxicity to microorganisms: no data available
12.2 Persistence and degradability
AEROBIC: 2,4-D is readily and rapidly degraded in soil(1). The kinetics of 2,4-D disappearance suggest that microorganisms are responsible(1). The rate will depend on a number of factors including presence of acclimated organisms, nutrient levels, moisture level, temperature, and concentration of 2,4-D(1-3). Typical half-lives range from less than 1 day to more than several weeks under the conditions used(4-8). Degradation with a mixture of microorganisms from activated sludge, soil and sediments lead to half-lives of 1.8-3.1 days under aerobic conditions(4,9). Particular species of microorganisms, of various types, have been isolated and shown to degrade phenoxyacetic acid herbicides in pure culture(1). Degradation of the phenoxyacetic acids proceeds by two main pathways(1). These are via a hydroxyphenoxy acetic acid intermediate or via the corresponding phenol(1). Warm, moist conditions and addition of organic matter stimulate degradation of 2,4-D(7). The breakdown of 2,4-D in two types of soil was investigated under dry and moist conditions and at two different temperatures(7). Generally, 2,4-D disappeared more rapidly from moist soil; after 14 days of a slow rate of disappearance, however, the removal rate from dry, sandy soil increased(7). Numbers of organisms degrading 2,4-D were initially much lower in sandy than in clay loams(7). However, numbers increased rapidly in sandy soils after the addition of the herbicide and, as a result, 2,4-D was eventually degraded more rapidly in sandy than in clay loams(7). In moist conditions, at 25°C, the half-life of 2,4-D was 7 days or less, whereas in dry conditions, at 35°C, it could be as long as 250 days(7). These latter conditions are unlikely to apply in most natural conditions where 2,4-D is likely to be used(7). First-order kinetics were observed for the degradation of 2,4-D in sandy loam and muck soils from Malaysia(10). Short half-lives were observed for 2,4-D in aerobic (3.4 days) muck soils(10).
12.3 Bioaccumulative potential
An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for 2,4-D(SRC), using a log Kow of 2.81(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). The Japanese Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute has classified 2,4-D as not highly bioaccumulative(4). A depuration half-life of 1.32 days was measured channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) exposed to 0.01 ppm 2,4-D over a period of 4 days(5). Rapid depuration was observed for rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri), channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) and bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) following 8-hr exposure to 0.3 or 1.0 mg/L C14-labeled 2,4-D butoxyethanol ester(6). Uptake by three seaweeds (Ulva sp, Enteromorpha sp, Rhodymenia sp) at pH 7.8 ranged from 0.01-0.03% of 2,4-D added using 25 ppb C14 ring-labeled 2,4-D(7). Bioaccumulation factors of <10 and 6 were reported for golfen orfe (Leuciscus idus mealnotus) and algae (Chlorella fusca), respectively(8).
12.4 Mobility in soil
Reported experimental 2,4-D (free acid) Koc values are 19.6 (average of 9 soils)(1) to 109.1 (average of 3 soils and range of 72.2-135.7)(2), and 20 to 79(3). According to a classification scheme(4), these Koc values suggest that 2,4-D is expected to have high to very high mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of 2,4-D is 2.73(5). Anionic 2,4-D adsorption is affected by soil mineralogy (in particular iron and aluminum oxide content), exchangeable aluminum content, and soil phosphate content(6). Adsorption appears to increase with increasing organic content and decreasing pH of soil(7). Average mobility for 14 soils was 0.72 (Rf units), ranging from 0.41 for silty loam to 1.0 for sandy loam(7). In general little runoff occurs with 2,4-D or its amine salts and runoff behavior is the inverse of adsorption behavior(8). Thus, 2,4-D can be desorbed from mineral soils, but not from those containing much organic matter(8). Percolating water appears to be the principal means of movement and diffusion is important only for transport over very small distance(8). Geometric mean concentrations of leached 2,4-D ranged from 0.55-0.87 ug/L at a depth of 0.2 m following applications (rate 0.1-3.3 kg/ha-yr) of the herbicide and irrigation of home garden lawns(9). Upward movement of 2,4-D occurs when the soil surface dries or if rapid evaporation occurs(9). Thus, 2,4-D can be concentrated at the soil surface, where it can be photolyzed, transported by wind either on dust or in vapor form, or leached downwards again(9).
12.5 Other adverse effects
no data available
13.Disposal considerations
13.1 Disposal methods
Product
The material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.
Contaminated packaging
Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.
14.Transport information
14.1 UN Number
| ADR/RID: UN2765 | IMDG: UN2765 | IATA: UN2765 |
14.2 UN Proper Shipping Name
| ADR/RID: unknown |
| IMDG: unknown |
| IATA: unknown |
14.3 Transport hazard class(es)
| ADR/RID: 9 | IMDG: 9 | IATA: 9 |
14.4 Packing group, if applicable
| ADR/RID: III | IMDG: III | IATA: III |
14.5 Environmental hazards
| ADR/RID: no | IMDG: no | IATA: no |
14.6 Special precautions for user
no data available
14.7 Transport in bulk according to Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC Code
no data available
15.Regulatory information
15.1 Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2,4-D | 2,4-D | 94-75-7 | none |
| European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS) | Listed. | ||
| EC Inventory | Listed. | ||
| United States Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory | Listed. | ||
| China Catalog of Hazardous chemicals 2015 | Not Listed. | ||
| New Zealand Inventory of Chemicals (NZIoC) | Listed. | ||
| Philippines Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances (PICCS) | Listed. | ||
| Vietnam National Chemical Inventory | Listed. | ||
| Chinese Chemical Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (China IECSC) | Listed. | ||
16.Other information
Information on revision
| Creation Date | Aug 17, 2017 |
|---|---|
| Revision Date | Aug 17, 2017 |
Abbreviations and acronyms
- CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
- ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
- RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
- IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
- IATA: International Air Transportation Association
- TWA: Time Weighted Average
- STEL: Short term exposure limit
- LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
- LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
- EC50: Effective Concentration 50%
References
- IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
- HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
- IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
- eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
- CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
- ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
- ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
- Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
- ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/
